Susan Clark Livingston, Baroness of Arran

see Earldom notes

Title Recognition Pending

Not on the Roll

Susan Clark Livingston | awaiting verification of baronial earldom

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Credentials

• Four titles were registered in the Scottish Barony Register to holders of the surname Livingston between January 2020 and December 2022: Balquidderock (8 January 2020, holder shown as Private; named as Cornelia Livingston by the Registry of Scots Nobility), Robertoun (Julia Pell Livingston, 10 March 2020), Kellie (Henry Hopkins Livingston III, 17 January 2021) and the Earldom of Arran (Susan Livingston, 14 December 2022). No public record seen by the Roll states whether the four holders are related. The Roll will record the connection, if any, as requested by the holders when they confirm verification. Verification is free and the Roll is non-profit.
• Previous holder: Willi Ernst Sturzenegger, infeft in 1995 in "ALL and WHOLE the Lands and Earldom of Arran in the County of Bute including inter alia the Castle of Lochranza the caput thereof". Recognised by Lord Lyon Innes of Edingight, warrant 15 March 2001, as "Holder of the territorial Earldom of Arran", the Crown's answers having been withdrawn on 15 November 2000 (Lord Lyon Sellar, Note in the Petition of Sturzenegger of Arran, pp. 2–4: courtofthelordlyon.scot/…/ARRAN.pdf).
• The Edinburgh Gazette, 16 July 2002, p. 1782, Court of the Lord Lyon notice: "†Sturzeneggar of Arran", Willi Ernst, matriculated 29 January 2001, Lyon Register 82/89; "† indicates that the Arms have been matriculated with chapeau in respect of being a Minor Baron". The Gazette does not mention an earldom (thegazette.co.uk/…/E-25256-1107-58).
• A second petition, for recognition as "Feudal Earl of Arran", was refused by Lord Lyon Sellar, c. 2010 (Sturzenegger, Petitioner (No 2), 2015 SLT (Lyon Ct) 2): "in terms of the feudal grant the owner has no claim to a style greater than that of baron". The Duke of Hamilton, who holds the peerage earldom of Arran, was served in both petitions and did not appear. The Lyon Court has since treated earldoms of this kind as "of the genus of barony" (Lord Lyon Morrow, Menking, 2015).
• Chain of title: the 12th Duke of Hamilton, who died in 1895, left the Arran estates in trust for his daughter, while the dukedom and the peerage earldom of Arran passed to a cousin. Her daughter Lady Jean Fforde, Countess of Arran in the Baronage of Scotland, offered the earldom for sale through the Manorial Society in 1994 (The Herald, 21 December 1994; obituaries, The Scotsman and The Times, October 2017).
• Crown charters: 26 April 1467 (RMS II no. 914), the isle erected for Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, "in unam liberam baroniam de Arane"; 11 August 1503 (RMS II no. 2741), the Hamilton grant of "terras et comitatum de Arano … in libera baronia", dissolving the earldom's earlier annexation to the Crown, the peerage dignity having been conferred separately three days before; 22 April 1581 (RMS V no. 167), "comitatum Arranie in libera baronia", ratified by Parliament as "the earldom of Arran in free barony" (RPS 1581/10/89). No charter erecting Arran "in unum comitatum" has been found in the printed register; the register for the 1660s has not been searched.
• See the Association's paper: baronage.com/…/non-peerage-earldoms

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A note on terminology: “Scottish feudal barony” or “feudal title” is an incorrect, defunct historical term for extant barons. Baronies were feudal until 28 November 2004, when feudal baronies were abolished and the dignity of baron was retained — an extant barony is no longer “feudal”. The correct term is Scottish barony or Scottish baron (or baron, lord or earl in the Baronage of Scotland, collectively the minor barons of Scotland); never “feudal baron”. Why the term is defunct →